CIRCULATING THYROID HORMONE LEVELS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR GASTROINTESTINAL AND HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS IN THE POPULATION OF PESHAWAR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA AN ANALYTICAL COMPARISON

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gdddr.2023(VIII-I).07      10.31703/gdddr.2023(VIII-I).07      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Bushra Rehman , Hira Ikram , RabiyaNasir , Aiman Umar , Seema Nawaz

07 Pages : 42-47

References

  • Rajkonwar, A. J., & Kusre, G. (2016). Morphological Variations of the Thyroid Gland among the People of Upper Assam Region of Northeast India: A Cadaveric study. J Clin Diagn Res. 10(12), AC01–AC03. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/19395.8966
  • Standring, S. (2008). Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 40th edn. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, Amsterdam;
  • Bahn, R., Burch, H., Cooper, D., Garber, J., Greenlee, M., & Klein. (2011). Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis: Management Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Thyroid. 21(6), 593-646. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2010.0417
  • Endalamaw, Y., Kedir, H., Alemayehu, T. (2019). Visible Goiter among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Public Health Facilities of Debre Markos Town, East Gojjam, North West Ethiopia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2484523
  • Berta, E., Lengyel, I., Halmi, S., Erdei, A., Harangi, M., Páll, D., Nagy, E. V., & Bodor, M. (2019). Hypertension in thyroid disorders. Frontiers in endocrinology. 10, 482.
  • Von, H. M., Neves, J. S., Vale, C., Borges, C. M., & Leite-Moreira, A. (2019). The impact of thyroid hormone dysfunction on ischemic heart disease. Endocrine Connections. 8(5), R76-90 . https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0096
  • Cappola, A. R., Desai, A. S., Medici, M., Cooper, L. S., Egan, D., Sopko, G., Fishman, G. I., Goldman, S., Cooper, D. S., Mora, S., & Kudenchuk, P. J. (2019). Thyroid and cardiovascular disease: research agenda for enhancing knowledge, prevention, and treatment. Circulation. 139(25), 2892-909. https://doi.oirg/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.036859
  • Vale, C., Neves, J. S., Von, H. M., Borges-Canha, M., & Leite-Moreira, A. (2019). The role of thyroid hormones in heart failure. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy. 33(2), 179- 88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-006-0010-1
  • Sulejmanovic, M., Cickusic, A. J., Salkic, S., & Bousbija, F. M. (2019). Annual incidence of thyroid disease in patients who first time visit department for thyroid diseases in tuzla canton. Materia Socio-Medica. 31(2), 130. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2019.31.130-134
  • Chaurasia, P., Modi, B., Mangukiya, S., Jadav, P., & Shah, R. (2011). Variation in thyroid hormones level among people of different age, gender and seasons, Piparia, Gujarat. National Journal of Medical Research. 1(2), 57-59.
  • Ahmed, Z., Khan, M. A., Haq, A., & Rehman, S. A. J. (2009). Effect of race, gender and age on thyroid and thyroid stimulating hormone levels in north west frontier province Pakistan . J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 21(3), 21-24
  • Lacej, D. (2015). Thyroid Gland and Thyroid Disorders in Shkodra Region Albania. Anglisticum Journal, 4(6).
  • Tieche, M., Lupi, G., Gutzwiller, F., Grob, P., Studer, H., & Burgi, H. (1985). Borderline low thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. Risk factors for coronary heart disease. Heart. 46(2), 202-206. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.46.2.202
  • Dean, J. W., & Fowler, P. B. (1985). Exaggerated responsiveness to thyrotrophin releasing hormone: a risk factor in women with coronary artery disease. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 290(6481), 1555-1561. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6481.1555
  • Short, K. (2015). Hypothyroidism and the Development of Hypertension.
  • Manappallil, R. (2016). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis presenting as cerebellar stroke. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. 7(4), 101-103. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29840

References

  • Rajkonwar, A. J., & Kusre, G. (2016). Morphological Variations of the Thyroid Gland among the People of Upper Assam Region of Northeast India: A Cadaveric study. J Clin Diagn Res. 10(12), AC01–AC03. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/19395.8966
  • Standring, S. (2008). Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 40th edn. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, Amsterdam;
  • Bahn, R., Burch, H., Cooper, D., Garber, J., Greenlee, M., & Klein. (2011). Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis: Management Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Thyroid. 21(6), 593-646. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2010.0417
  • Endalamaw, Y., Kedir, H., Alemayehu, T. (2019). Visible Goiter among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Public Health Facilities of Debre Markos Town, East Gojjam, North West Ethiopia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2484523
  • Berta, E., Lengyel, I., Halmi, S., Erdei, A., Harangi, M., Páll, D., Nagy, E. V., & Bodor, M. (2019). Hypertension in thyroid disorders. Frontiers in endocrinology. 10, 482.
  • Von, H. M., Neves, J. S., Vale, C., Borges, C. M., & Leite-Moreira, A. (2019). The impact of thyroid hormone dysfunction on ischemic heart disease. Endocrine Connections. 8(5), R76-90 . https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0096
  • Cappola, A. R., Desai, A. S., Medici, M., Cooper, L. S., Egan, D., Sopko, G., Fishman, G. I., Goldman, S., Cooper, D. S., Mora, S., & Kudenchuk, P. J. (2019). Thyroid and cardiovascular disease: research agenda for enhancing knowledge, prevention, and treatment. Circulation. 139(25), 2892-909. https://doi.oirg/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.036859
  • Vale, C., Neves, J. S., Von, H. M., Borges-Canha, M., & Leite-Moreira, A. (2019). The role of thyroid hormones in heart failure. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy. 33(2), 179- 88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-006-0010-1
  • Sulejmanovic, M., Cickusic, A. J., Salkic, S., & Bousbija, F. M. (2019). Annual incidence of thyroid disease in patients who first time visit department for thyroid diseases in tuzla canton. Materia Socio-Medica. 31(2), 130. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2019.31.130-134
  • Chaurasia, P., Modi, B., Mangukiya, S., Jadav, P., & Shah, R. (2011). Variation in thyroid hormones level among people of different age, gender and seasons, Piparia, Gujarat. National Journal of Medical Research. 1(2), 57-59.
  • Ahmed, Z., Khan, M. A., Haq, A., & Rehman, S. A. J. (2009). Effect of race, gender and age on thyroid and thyroid stimulating hormone levels in north west frontier province Pakistan . J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 21(3), 21-24
  • Lacej, D. (2015). Thyroid Gland and Thyroid Disorders in Shkodra Region Albania. Anglisticum Journal, 4(6).
  • Tieche, M., Lupi, G., Gutzwiller, F., Grob, P., Studer, H., & Burgi, H. (1985). Borderline low thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. Risk factors for coronary heart disease. Heart. 46(2), 202-206. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.46.2.202
  • Dean, J. W., & Fowler, P. B. (1985). Exaggerated responsiveness to thyrotrophin releasing hormone: a risk factor in women with coronary artery disease. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 290(6481), 1555-1561. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6481.1555
  • Short, K. (2015). Hypothyroidism and the Development of Hypertension.
  • Manappallil, R. (2016). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis presenting as cerebellar stroke. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. 7(4), 101-103. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29840

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Rehman, B., Ikram, H., & Nasir, R. (2023). Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison. Global Drug Design & Development Review, VIII(I), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdddr.2023(VIII-I).07

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Rehman, Bushra, Hira Ikram, and Rabiya Nasir. 2023. "Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison." Global Drug Design & Development Review, VIII (I): 42-47 doi: 10.31703/gdddr.2023(VIII-I).07

HARVARD

    HARVARD : REHMAN, B., IKRAM, H. & NASIR, R. 2023. Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison. Global Drug Design & Development Review, VIII, 42-47.

MHRA

    MHRA : Rehman, Bushra, Hira Ikram, and Rabiya Nasir. 2023. "Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison." Global Drug Design & Development Review, VIII: 42-47

MLA

    MLA : Rehman, Bushra, Hira Ikram, and Rabiya Nasir. "Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison." Global Drug Design & Development Review, VIII.I (2023): 42-47 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Rehman, Bushra, Ikram, Hira, and Nasir, Rabiya (2023), "Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison", Global Drug Design & Development Review, VIII (I), 42-47

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Rehman, Bushra, Hira Ikram, and Rabiya Nasir. "Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Hypertensive Disorders in the Population of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Analytical Comparison." Global Drug Design & Development Review VIII, no. I (2023): 42-47. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdddr.2023(VIII-I).07